The  Missionary  Life 

of  the 

Theological  Seminary 


J.  Lovell  Murray 


Student  Volunteer  Movement 


The  Missionary  Life 

of  the 

Theological  Seminary 


BY 

J.  Lovell  Murray 

Educational  Secretary 
Student  Volunteer  Movement 


New  York 

Student  Volunteer  Movement 


Copyright,  1918,  by 
Student  Volunteer  Movement 
for  Foreign  Missions 


CONTENTS 

PAGE 

Introductory  ......  I 

Developing:  Missionary  Intelligence  .  .  6 

Promoting:  Missionary  Liberality  .  .  .27 

Stimulating:  Missionary  Intercession  .  .  30 

Propagating:  Missionary  Interest  .  .  -35 

Enlisting:  Missionary  Lives  .  .  .  .38 


THE  MISSIONARY  LIFE  OF  THE 
THEOLOGICAL  SEMINARY 


INTRODUCTORY 

In  the  mission  lands  of  the  world  God  has  been 
preparing  the  way  for  wide  expansions  of  His 
Kingdom.  Door  after  door  has  swung  open.  Whole 
nations  have  turned  their  backs  on  political  and 
educational  systems  whose  age  is  counted  in  mil- 
leniums.  Great  convulsions  have  shaken  the  eco¬ 
nomic  and  social  order  of  Asia  and  Africa. 
Democracy  is  spreading  apace  over  the  whole  non- 
Christian  population  of  the  earth.  The  dead  are 
alive  and  the  sleeping  are  awake  to  the  ideals  of 
reform  and  progress.  What  was  static  is  now  ad¬ 
vancing.  What  was  petrified  in  custom  is  now 
plastic.  The  leaven  of  new  ideas  has  been  working 
through  the  mass.  And  an  encouraging  Christ-ward 
movement  among  the  educated  classes  has  been 
paralleled  by  a  colossal  drift  towards  Christ  of  tens 
of  millions  of  the  lower  classes.  It  is  the  supreme 
opportunity  for  the  forces  of  Christianity. 

“The  decisive  hour  of  Christian  missions”  it  was 
called  a  few  years  ago.  Then  came  the  Great  War, 
the  results  of  which  will  increasingly  tend  to  make 
the  opportunity  more  wide  and  the  demand  more 


2 


THE  MISSIONARY  LIFE  OF 


urgent.  In  this  opportunity  and  this  demand  the 
Church  of  Christ  cannot  fail  to  see  the  beckoning 
finger  of  her  Lord  and  to  hear  His  summons,  “Be¬ 
hold  I  have  set  before  thee  an  open  door.”  Her 
faith  is  quickened  that  the  Lord  God  omnipotent 
reigneth.  “It  is  the  doing  of  the  Lord,”  she  says, 
“and  it  is  marvelous  in  our  eyes.” 

On  the  other  hand,  a  new  missionary  impulse  has 
come  into  the  life  of  the  Church  herself.  The 
preparation  of  a  vast  world  opportunity  for  Chris¬ 
tianity  has  been  matched  in  the  Divine  wisdom  by 
a  conspicuous  preparation  of  the  Church  for  the 
opportunity.  The  Student  Volunteer  Movement, 
the  Laymen’s  Missionary  Movement,  the  Mission¬ 
ary  Education  Movement  and  the  new  development 
and  co-ordination  of  the  work  of  the  Women’s 
Missionary  Societies  are  evidences  of  this  mission¬ 
ary  awakening.  The  emergence  of  a  science  of 
missions,  the  rapid  growth  in  volume  and  quality 
of  missionary  literature,  the  great  missionary  Coun¬ 
cils  of  War  at  Edinburgh  in  1910  and  at  Panama 
in  1916  are  further  evidences.  So  too  are  the  in¬ 
creasing  missionary  revenues  of  the  churches.  The 
world  consciousness  that  has  come  over  the  think¬ 
ing  of  recent  years  becomes,  when  it  touches  relig¬ 
ion,  a  missionary  consciousness  pure  and  simple. 
The  social  emphasis  of  today,  given  a  world  scope, 
becomes  a  missionary  emphasis.  The  doctrine  of 
internationalism  so  current  at  the  present  time  is 
on  its  religious  side  a  doctrine  of  foreign  missions. 
The  peace  movement  which  now  is  gathering  such 


THE  THEOLOGICAL  SEMINARY  3 


momentum  can  be  fundamental  and  enduring,  so  its 
most  thoughtful  exponents  are  discovering,  only  if 
it  implies  a  movement  to  give  Christ  to  the  nations. 
The  mass  of  Christians  are  therefore  ready  today 
to  be  enlisted  in  a  great  conquering  Crusade  for  the 
evangelization  of  the  world.  God  has  abundantly 
been  preparing  His  Church  to  enter  the  field  which 
also  He  has  prepared. 

Far  from  retarding  this  preparation  the  outbreak 
of  the  War  greatly  advanced  it.  The  interests  and 
sympathies  of  Christians  became  international  as 
never  before.  The  spirit  of  loyalty  and  of  personal 
sacrifice  found  new  expression  on  every  hand. 
Lives  and  treasure  were  laid  down  lavishly  at  the 
feet  of  a  great  cause.  The  necessity  of  Chris¬ 
tianizing  all  of  our  international  relations  came 
home  to  every  thoughtful  disciple  of  Christ.  It  is 
not  surprising  that  the  missionary  leaders  of  the 
Church  have  laid  plans  for  largely  expanded  pro¬ 
grams.  Not  only  have  they  discerned  the  signs  of 
the  times  within  the  Church  and  throughout  the 
world ;  they  have  read  their  Christian  history  aright. 
The  war  and  post-war  periods  of  the  19th  century 
were  periods  in  which  the  missionary  life  of  the 
churches  leaped  into  new  activity.  Indeed  those 
periods  gave  birth  to  some  of  the  leading  Missionary 
Societies  of  Great  Britain  and  America.  Today 
Church  history  is  repeating  itself.  A  new  and 
mighty  advance  for  world  occupation  is  upon  us. 

These  considerations  lead  directly  home  to  the 
theological  seminaries.  The  undertaking  is  so  vast 


4 


THE  MISSIONARY  LIFE  OF 


as  to  call  for  the  mobilization  of  the  entire  Church, 
her  energies,  her  intercession,  her  treasure,  her  man¬ 
power.  The  directors  of  this  mobilization  must 
come  from  the  theological  seminaries,  which  are 
the  officers’  training  camps  for  the  forces  of  Chris¬ 
tianity.  There  can  be  no  question  that  the  mis¬ 
sionary  enterprise  stands  or  falls  with  the  ministry 
of  the  Christian  Church.  It  is  true  that  there  is  an 
alert  missionary  spirit  in  the  Church,  that  multi¬ 
tudes  of  devoted  women  have  been  beyond  praise 
in  their  activity  and  that  hosts  of  laymen  have  be¬ 
come  militant  for  missions.  But  overwhelmingly 
the  reason  for  this  has  been  the  vision  and  leader¬ 
ship  of  missionary  pastors.  More  and  more  the 
theological  seminaries  have  widened  their  horizons 
to  include  the  total  of  humanity.  “The  world  is 
my  parish,”  said  John  Wesley,  and  it  was  a  start¬ 
ling  declaration  in  that  day ;  but  it  is  a  standard  con¬ 
ception  in  many  a  modem  divinity  school.  Granted 
that  the  seminaries  have  not  measured  up  to  their 
full  responsibility  in  the  matter  and  that  there  is 
a  measure  of  truth  in  a  recent  observation  that  they 
have  plenty  of  skylights  but  too  few  windows,  it 
remains  true  that  the  ministry  of  the  Church  has 
been  the  main  factor  in  the  modern  missionary 
uprising  and  that  there  has  been  a  large  output  of 
missionary  zeal  from  the  theological  seminaries.  But 
the  decisive  hour  has  struck  and  the  new  advance  is 
on.  If  the  ministry  is  to  hold  the  lead,  the  seminaries 
must  be  true  to  their  traditions  and  multiply  their 
missionary  product.  Every  graduate  should  come 


THE  THEOLOGICAL  SEMINARY  5 


forth  a  well-informed,  convinced  and  enthusiastic 
advocate  of  foreign  missions.  There  is  no  option. 
It  is  for  him  either  to  volunteer  for  overseas  service 
or  become  a  leader  at  the  home  base,  helping  to 
mobilize  the  resources  of  the  Church  for  her  world 
undertaking. 

The  purpose  of  this  pamphlet  is  to  indicate  how 
students  may  make  their  seminaries  veritable  train¬ 
ing  grounds  for  missionary  leadership.  Perhaps  in 
no  seminary  will  it  be  possible  to  adopt  all  of  the 
suggestions  made  in  the  following  pages.  But  ex¬ 
perience  has  shown  that  every  one  of  these  sugges¬ 
tions  is  quite  practicable  in  schools  of  divinity.  There 
should  be  in  every  such  institution  a  strongly 
manned  committee,  other  than  the  Volunteer  Band, 
having  this  matter  in  charge.  But  whatever  the 
auspices  may  be  under  which  the  work  is  done,  and 
however  the  committee  may  be  composed,  success 
is  usually  dependent  upon  the  energy  of  some  two 
or  three  men  who  are  heart  and  soul  devoted  to 
the  undertaking.  Indeed  it  has  been  shown  over 
and  over  again  that  even  without  a  committee  at 
all  a  missionary  triumph  has  been  won  through  the 
faith  and  aggressiveness  of  one  man  whose  heart 
was  aflame  with  missionary  passion.  Surely  in  every 
seminary  at  least  one  such  student  may  be  found. 
That  man,  even  if  he  has  no  organized  group  of 
workers  behind  him,  may  regard  this  pamphlet  as 
his  handbook  on  method.  But  the  desirability  of 
having  a  vigorous  committee  directing  the  work  will 
be  evident  as  we  proceed  to  discuss  the  various  lines 


6 


THE  MISSIONARY  LIFE  OF 


of  missionary  effort  that  should  be  covered  in  a 
theological  seminary. 

DEVELOPING  MISSIONARY  INTELLIGENCE 

The  foundation  for  vigorous,  sustained  and  well- 
directed  missionary  activity  is  missionary  intelli¬ 
gence.  This  thesis  is  so  self-evident  as  to  require 
no  discussion.  But  two  main  practical  values  which 
are  supplied  to  a  theological  student  by  a  thorough 
knowledge  of  missions  may  be  mentioned  here. 

In  the  first  place,  it  equips  him  as  a  prospective 
pastor  to  educate  his  congregation  in  missons. 
Speaking  of  the  value  of  mission  study  classes  in 
this  direction  Professor  Harlan  P.  Beach  of  the 
Yale  School  of  Religion  says: 

“Every  course  of  study  furnishes  workable  out¬ 
lines  for  such  meetings  and  suggests  the  very  best 
sources  of  information.  Not  only  may  the  results 
of  the  study  be  immediately  reproduced  in  the  meet¬ 
ings  of  the  Church  and  of  the  young  people  for 
which  theological  students  are  responsible,  but  many 
of  the  topics  and  programs  prepared  are  suitable 
for  later  use  in  the  exacting  work  of  one’s  early 
pastorate,  when  any  suitable  material  at  hand  is  a 
most  acceptable  aid. 

“A  more  formal  contribution  to  the  young  pas¬ 
tor’s  repertory,  derivable  from  the  mission  study 
class,  is  the  full  missionary  address  which  can  read¬ 
ily  be  prepared  after  a  course  of  study  has  been 


THE  THEOLOGICAL  SEMINARY  7 


completed,  when  its  varied  and  interesting  infor¬ 
mation  is  still  in  mind.  If  co-operative  work  is 
done  by  the  class  members  and  a  note-book  has  been 
faithfully  used,  the  student  will  be  surprised  at  the 
ease  with  which  addresses  are  put  in  shape,  as  well 
as  at  their  breadth  and  value. 

“Students  of  the  middle  year  and  especially 
seniors,  who  for  a  prolonged  period  have  been 
studying  missions,  will  be  prepared  thereby  to  pro¬ 
duce  sermons  on  important  and  always  timely 
themes  of  study,  which  can  be  used  not  only  when 
acting  as  a  supply  but  in  future  years. 

“All  seminary  students  are  engaged  in  gathering 
illustrations  for  future  sermons  and  addresses  and 
are  entering  them  in  note-books,  scrap-books,  etc. 
They  thus  avoid  the  danger  of  repeating  trite  illus¬ 
trations  found  in  well-known  collections  of  that 
sort.  The  missionary  enterprise  furnishes  anecdotes 
and  illustrations  of  peculiar  value,  partly  because 
of  the  freshness  and  strangeness  of  the  material  col¬ 
lected,  and  partly  from  the  simple  and  apostolic  na¬ 
ture  of  the  work  thus  incidently  pictured.  So  help¬ 
ful  to  the  clergymen  of  the  Church  of  England  are 
these  missionary  illustrations  that  an  index  of  them 
accompanies  each  issue  of  the  Church  Missionary 
Society’s  Annual  Report.  Mission  study  furnishes 
a  far  wider  field  for  profitable  gleanings. 

“Preparation  for  missionary  leadership  in  the 
local  church  results  from  the  forms  of  work  above 
named,  but  missionary  study  furnishes  a  more 
dynamic  if  less  tangible  service  in  the  deep  convic- 


8 


THE  MISSIONARY  LIFE  OF 


tions  which  it  imparts  through  the  sober  facts  re¬ 
vealed;  in  the  glad  delight  which  the  student  feels 
as  his  doubts  concerning  the  power  of  Christ  to 
save  and  to  work  moral  miracles  disappear  before 
the  indubitable  evidence  coming  from  every  land 
and  the  most  degraded  peoples ;  in  the  inspiration 
derivable  from  the  experiences  and  triumphs  of  men 
like  himself,  who  have  been  driven  to  God  through 
the  manifold  difficulties  and  dangers  surrounding 
them,  and  who  have  found  in  Him  the  secret  of 
peace  and  of  victorious  service;  and  in  the  vision 
of  a  new  earth  which,  with  Christ  as  leader,  is  pos¬ 
sible  to  a  believing  ministry  and  an  awakened 
Church. 

“But  the  denomination  has  a  wider  claim  upon 
its  ministers  than  does  the  local  congregation.  If 
it  is  to  be  awakened  and  do  its  share  in  bringing 
the  Gospel  to  the  submerged  nations,  its  young 
and  strong  leaders  must  do  some  effective  thinking, 
writing  and  speaking.  The  annual  meetings  of  the 
various  boards,  the  manning  of  their  committees, 
articles  on  the  subject  in  denominational  papers  and 
missionary  magazines,  call  for  men  wholly  informed 
concerning  the  missionary  enterprise.  The  semi¬ 
nary  mission  study  scheme  should  so  acquaint  stu¬ 
dents  with  the  best  sources  of  information — first 
hand,  as  far  as  possible — and  form  in  them  such  a 
strongly  entrenched  habit  of  using  the  information 
obtained,  that  the  demands  of  the  denomination  may 
be  fully  met  by  its  seminary  graduates/’ 

Moreover,  a  wide  knowledge  of  missions  enables  a 


THE  THEOLOGICAL  SEMINARY  9 


seminary  student  to  select  wisely  and  safely  the 
field  of  his  ministry.  It  is  impossible,  to  be  sure, 
for  him  to  choose  the  precise  location.  But  as  be¬ 
tween  the  two  main  fields  of  the  work  of  his  com¬ 
munion,  the  field  at  home  and  the  field  abroad,  he 
can  and  must  make  his  choice.  If  he  selects  neither 
the  one  nor  the  other,  he  will,  of  course,  remain 
in  the  home  country,  just  as  though  he  had  delib¬ 
erately  made  his  choice.  Now  it  is  true,  as  Pro¬ 
fessor  Henry  Drummond  puts  it,  that  “there  is  a 
will  for  career  as  well  as  for  character” ;  and  the 
full  truth  is  that  career  implies  the  field  as  well  as 
the  calling.  Everyone  must  ask  two  questions.  What 
is  God’s  will  as  to  my  calling?  What  is  God’s  will 
as  to  my  field?  It  is  both  perilous  and  unworthy, 
having  entered  one’s  vocation  by  choice,  to  enter 
one’s  location  by  circumstances.  If  there  were  any 
presumption  that  because  one  has  been  born  and 
brought  up  and  educated  in  a  certain  land  he  should 
render  his  life  service  there,  it  would  be  safe  enough. 
But  since  there  is  no  such  presumption,  it  is  as  un¬ 
sound  and  arbitrary  to  contribute  his  life  service  to 
the  land  of  his  birth  as  it  would  be  to  give  it  to 
the  state  or  province  or  county  of  his  birth.  The 
two  great  possible  fields  of  ministry  must  be  given 
at  least  an  equal  chance.  As  definite  a  call  from 
God  must  be  ascertained  to  serve  in  the  United 
States  or  Canada  as  would  be  looked  for  to  serve 
abroad. 

But  how  is  the  call  of  God  to  be  known?  Cer¬ 
tainly  it  cannot  be  known  until  one  has  become 


10 


THE  MISSIONARY  LIFE  OF 


familiar  with  at  least  the  broad  conditions  of  need 
and  opportunity  and  crisis  both-  at  home  and 
throughout  the  non-Christian  world.  It  is  an  un¬ 
fortunate  fact  that  many  students  do  not  carry  with 
them  into  the  seminary  a  knowledge  of  mission  lands 
sufficient  to  make  their  choice  unprejudiced,  in¬ 
telligent  and  safe.  Inevitably,  unless  they  acquire 
that  knowledge  in  their  seminary  days  some  of  these 
men  will  miss  the  place  of  their  calling  by  remain¬ 
ing  in  the  home  land  and  the  resulting  loss  will  be 
great  indeed.  Speaking  of  this  loss,  Robert  P. 
Wilder  reminds  us  that  “a  car  off  the  track  not  only 
stops,  it  blocks  traffic.”  It  is  tragic  sometimes  to 
hear  a  minister  say,  “If  I  had  only  had  enough 
missionary  knowledge  when  I  was  determining 
where  I  should  exercise  my  ministry,  I  should  pos¬ 
sibly  be  serving  in  some  mission  land  today.” 

How  is  a  broad  missionary  knowledge  to  be  given 
to  seminary  students? 

I.  Through  Curriculum  Courses.  While  there 

are  still  many  theological  seminaries  whose  cur¬ 
ricula  make  no  provision  for  this  discipline,  there 
has  been  a  striking  advance  in  this  direction,  partic¬ 
ularly  within  the  last  decade.  More  than  one-third 
of  the  Protestant  seminaries  in  North  America  are 
apparently  making  a  serious  effort  to  give  a  reason¬ 
able  attention  to  the  science  of  missions  as  a  subject 
of  instruction.  A  number  now  have  professorships 
or  part-professorships  of  missions  and  a  few  have 
recently  begun  Departments  of  Missions.  In  the 
large,  however,  the  curricula  of  our  schools  of  divin- 


THE  THEOLOGICAL  SEMINARY  11 


ity  are  sadly  deficient  in  their  consideration  of  the 
world  aspects  of  the  Christian  religion.  Until  this 
branch  of  instruction  is  favorably  developed,  espe¬ 
cially  at  the  hands  of  professors  of  missionary  pas¬ 
sion,  the  rank  and  file  of  ministers  of  the  Christian 
Church  cannot  be  expected  to  do  their  religious 
thinking  internationally  and  to  become  the  inspiring 
statesmen  of  a  world  Kingdom. 

Nothing  can  take  the  place  of  curriculum  instruc¬ 
tion  in  missions.  It  represents  a  thorough-going, 
systematized  and  scientific  study  of  a  very  broad  and 
intricate  subject.  It  is  as  technical  as  any  other 
department  of  curriculum  instruction. 

There  are  two  things  which  a  missionary  com¬ 
mittee  can  do  to  make  this  agency  effective.  It 
can,  where  the  curriculum  is  weak  or  void  in  respect 
of  missions,  engineer  a  petition  to  be  signed  by  all 
the  students  and  presented  to  the  seminary  authori¬ 
ties  asking  for  the  introduction  of  new  courses  in 
missions.  A  few  years  ago  this  was  done  in  one 
of  the  leading  American  divinity  schools.  At  that 
time  nothing  of  a  missionary  character  was  being 
offered  beyond  a  few  lectures  by  missionaries  and 
Mission  Board  secretaries.  Very  soon  substantial 
missionary  courses  were  introduced  into  the  cur¬ 
riculum.  Today  there  is  a  flourishing  Department 
of  Missions  in  that  seminary  and  the  end  is  not  yet. 
There  is  little  doubt  that  the  appeal  of  the  students 
was  a  strong  factor  in  initiating  this  development 
The  other  contribution  which  the  missionary  com¬ 
mittee  can  make  lies  in  encouraging  their  fellow- 


12 


THE  MISSIONARY  LIFE  OF 


students  to  elect  those  missionary  courses  which  are 
optional. 

II.  Through  Voluntary  Study  and  Discussion 
Groups.  These  groups  travel  under  various  names 
such  as  Round  Table  Discussion  Groups  and  World 
Parish  Groups  and  are  of  various  types.  Six  famil 
iar  types  may  be  mentioned. 

1.  The  Text-hook  Study  Group.  This  is  of  the 
nature  of  the  Mission  Study  classes  which  are  cur¬ 
rent  in  the  colleges  but  is  adapted  to  meet  the  needs 
of  seminary  men.  It  is  pre-eminently  a  discussion 
group  under  student  leadership.  It  should  be  dis¬ 
tinctly  understood  that  the  one  appointed  to  have 
charge  of  such  a  group  is  its  “leader”  and  in  no 
sense  its  “teacher.”  At  the  same  time  it  provides 
for  the  intensive  study  of  a  text-book. 

It  may  be  asked,  Of  what  value  is  such  a  method 
if  strong  courses  in  missions  are  provided  in  the 
curriculum?  The  answer  is  fourfold: 

(1)  It  makes  provision  for  students  who  are 

not  taking  curriculum  courses  in  missions.  In  the 
large  majority  of  seminaries  these  courses  either 

are  entirely  elective  or  are  required  only  in  a  cer¬ 
tain  portion  of  the  three-year  curriculum.  The  for¬ 
mation  of  voluntary  groups  makes  it  possible  for 
even  the  busy  student  to  pursue  a  study  of  the 
world  aspects  of  Christianity  during  the  periods 
when  he  is  not  receiving  classroom  instruction  in 
the  subject. 

(2)  It  makes  possible  the  study  of  many  phases 
of  the  subject  not  covered  in  the  curriculum.  At 


THE  THEOLOGICAL  SEMINARY  13 


some  time  during  his  seminary  course  each  student 
should  find  opportunity  to  consider  the  history  of 
missions;  the  missionary  motive  and  aim;  the  pres¬ 
ent  situation  in  each  of  the  great  mission  fields  of 
the  Church,  together  with  a  general  background 
study  of  these  lands  and  peoples ;  the  religions  of 
the  world;  the  principles  and  practice  of  missions; 
and  the  particular  missionary  work  of  his  own  de¬ 
nomination.  In  the  Text-book  Study  Groups  he  can 
cover  ground  that  is  not  touched  on  in  his  class¬ 
room  work.  Members  of  the  faculty  should  be  con¬ 
sulted  with  reference  to  the  selection  of  the  themes 
for  voluntary  study. 

(3)  It  is  calculated  to  lead  to  personal  opinion 
and  conviction  regarding  the  missionary  enterprise. 
This  is,  of  course,  part  of  the  aim  of  curriculum 
work.  But  the  curriculum  approach  usually  has  less 
of  the  discussional  element,  it  is  more  formal,  it  is 
more  technical  and  scientific,  and  so  is  less  qualified 
to  produce  a  convinced  commitment  of  each  indi¬ 
vidual  student  to  the  missionary  undertaking  of  the 
Church.  This  is  the  distinctive  aim  of  the  voluntary 
group.  The  members  talk  freely  about  the  problems 
raised  and  their  own  relation  to  them  and  make  their 
group  of  the  nature  of  a  prayer  circle. 

(4)  It  gives  experience  in  the  method  of  mis¬ 
sionary  education  which  is  becoming  general  in  the 
churches.  The  mission  study  class  which  a  few 
short  years  ago  was  an  innovation  in  congregational 
activity  is  now  recognized  as  the  most  effective 
method  of  promoting  missionary  intelligence.  No 


14 


THE  MISSIONARY  LIFE  OF 


small  part  of  the  recently  quickened  missionary  in¬ 
terest  among  Christians  is  due  to  the  development 
of  this  agency.  Its  best  days  are  ahead.  It  is  of 
great  importance  that  every  minister  should  come 
to  his  first  parish  equipped  to  give  expert  guidance 
to  its  mission  study  program.  In  the  years  of  his 
seminary  preparation  he  should  familiarize  himself 
with  the  mission  study  class  method.  During  his 
college  course  he  may  have  belonged  to  more  than 
one  mission  study  class.  But  he  may  not  have  come 
to  understand  the  genius  of  this  study  method  or  to 
have  acquired  practice  and  skill  in  the  direction  of  a 
class.  In  the  Text-book  Study  Group  he  finds  this 
opportunity.  It  may  be  advisable  for  the  members 
of  the  group  to  take  the  leadership  in  rotation  in  order 
to  distribute  evenly  the  experience.  This  will,  of 
course,  be  done  under  the  direction  of  the  group 
leader.  Coupled  with  this  practice  work  each  one 
should  read  Dr.  Sailer’s  “General  Suggestions  for 
Leaders  of  Mission  Study  Classes”  and  Miss  Day’s 
“Mission  Study  Class  Method.”  A  fuller  treatment 
of  the  subject  is  to  be  found  in  G.  T.  Manley’s  help¬ 
ful  book  “Missionary  Study  Principles.” 

There  is  an  abundance  of  excellent  material  to  use 
in  these  groups.  While  many  books,  pamphlets  and 
periodicals  may  be  employed  for  auxiliary  reading, 
it  is  advisable  to  use  some  one  volume  as  the  basis 
of  the  course.  Among  the  books  most  suitable  for 
the  purpose  are  those  named  in  Appendix  A. 

2.  The  Research  Group.  This  group  does  if 
anything  a  more  substantial  type  of  work.  It  meets 


THE  THEOLOGICAL  SEMINARY  15 


under  faculty  direction  and  considers  scientifically 
such  missionary  subjects  as  the  history  of  missions, 
comparative  religions,  the  unoccupied  fields,  the  mis¬ 
sionary  and  his  critics,  the  problems  of  the  native 
Church,  missionary  administration,  the  home  base 
of  missions,  etc.  There  are  wide  fields  for  original 
investigation  and  the  thorough-going  work  at¬ 
tempted  in  these  courses  will  be  found  richly  re¬ 
warding.  Some  faculties  will  allow  credits  for  work 
done  in  such  a  group. 

The  DeForest  Club  at  the  Yale  School  of  Re¬ 
ligion  is  a  good  illustration  of  this  type  of  group. 
The  Club,  which  is  a  well-known  organization  at 
Yale,  does  very  solid  work  and  is  conducted  much 
like  a  seminar.  It  is  under  the  expert  direction 
of  the  faculty  members  in  the  Department  of  Mis¬ 
sions,  but  most  of  the  discussion  of  papers  is  car¬ 
ried  on  by  the  students  themselves. 

3.  The  Missionary  Problems  Group.  This  group 
devotes  its  weekly  sessions  to  the  discussion  of  some 
live  missionary  problem.  For  example,  the  bearing 
of  the  War  upon  the  missionary  enterprise  is  a  topic 
which  offers  unlimited  possibilities.  The  social  as¬ 
pects  of  foreign  missions  is  another.  Co-operation 
and  unity  on  the  mission  field  is  another.  And  the 
number  of  suitable  themes  might  be  multiplied  in¬ 
definitely.  Special  attention,  of  course,  is  given  in 
each  case  to  the  missionary  problems  of  the  denomi¬ 
nation  to  which  the  seminary  belongs.  Pamphlets 
which  may  be  procured  from  the  office  of  the  Mis¬ 
sion  Boards,  selected  chapters  from  recent  mission- 


16 


THE  MISSIONARY  LIFE  OF 


ary  books,  and  editorials  and  articles  in  periodicals, 
both  missionary  and  otherwise,  offer  all  the  mate¬ 
rial  necessary. 

4.  The  Current  Events  Group.  From  week  to 
week  this  group  carries  on  a  discussion  of  present 
day  events  and  movements  in  mission  lands.  In 
our  day  missionary  history  is  being  made  with  be¬ 
wildering  rapidity.  To  be  abreast  of  the  times  one 
must  get  the  score  by  innings.  This  is  possible  for  a 
circle  which  meets  weekly  to  review  the  most  recent 
happenings  in  the  mission  world.  The  responsibility 
for  keeping  track  of  events  may  be  divided,  one 
member  being  detailed  to  report  on  Africa,  another 
on  China,  another  on  the  Moslem  world,  another  on 
unoccupied  fields,  etc.  Special  attention  is  given  to 
the  mission  fields  of  the  seminary’s  denomination, 
or  the  entire  discussion  may  be  focussed  on  the  work 
of  the  missionaries  of  that  denomination.  For  such 
a  group  few  books  need  be  consulted,  the  necessary 
material  being  taken  from  missionary  magazines  and 
other  periodical  literature,  the  daily  press  being  not 
forgotten.  This  group  might  be  made  responsible 
for  posting  fresh  information  on  the  Bulletin  Board 
as  referred  to  on  page  23. 

5.  The  Missionary  Biography  Group.  Compar¬ 
ative  studies  in  missionary  biography  present  one 
of  the  most  inspiring  themes  for  discussion,  as  well 
as  one  of  the  most  attractive  and  educative.  A  cer¬ 
tain  number  of  notable  missionaries  are  selected, 
preferably  representing  different  countries  and 
different  types  of  work.  These  are  assigned  to  the 


THE  THEOLOGICAL  SEMINARY  17 


members  of  the  group,  one  biography  being  covered, 
if  the  size  of  the  group  makes  it  necessary,  by  several 
members.  The  successive  meetings  will  deal  with  the 
successive  stages  or  with  different  features  of  the 
careers  of  the  missionaries.  For  example,  the  first 
session  may  be  devoted  to  their  early  years,  the  next 
to  the  question,  How  the  call  came,  the  next  to  the 
matter  of  preparation  and  appointment,  the  next  to 
the  first  impressions  and  occupations  after  reaching 
the  field.  At  other  sessions  the  striking  difficulties 
met,  the  missionary’s  relation  to  the  native  people 
and  the  native  Church,  the  victorious  elements  in 
his  character,  the  distinctive  methods  of  his  work, 
the  abiding  contribution  made  by  his  life  to  the 
Christianizing  of  the  land  and  similar  topics  may 
be  dealt  with. 

6.  The  Mock  Mission  Board.  The  number  of 
persons  participating  in  this  should,  if  possible,  com¬ 
prise  all  of  the  students  in  the  seminary.  The 
meetings  of  the  Board  furnish  an  opportunity  to 
consider  in  an  attractive  fashion  the  practical 
present-day  problems  of  missions.  The  group  con¬ 
stitutes  itself  a  Foreign  Mission  Board,  correspond¬ 
ing  with  the  Board  of  its  denomination,  with  the 
necessary  officers  appointed.  At  one  of  its  meetings 
the  problems  of  the  selection  and  appointment  of 
missionary  workers  may  be  considered,  candidates 
being  examined  or  the  recommendations  of  the  Can¬ 
didate  Secretary  being  discussed  and  appointments 
actually  made.  The  reasons  for  accepting  or  re¬ 
jecting  candidates  and  the  reasons  for  reinforcing 


18 


THE  MISSIONARY  LIFE  OF 


the  missionary  staff  in  this  field  or  that  would  have 
to  be  canvassed  thoroughly.  To  prepare  for  such  a 
meeting  it  would  be  advisable  to  secure  from  the 
Board  application  blanks,  the  manual  for  mission¬ 
aries  and  other  material,  not  forgetting  the  last 
annual  report.  From  the  same  source  much  valu¬ 
able  literature  could  be  secured  for  other  meetings, 
when  pleas  for  buildings,  for  more  workers  and 
for  the  opening  up  of  new  territory  would  be 
weighed  and  apportionments  agreed  upon,  when 
the  conflicting  claims  of  concentration  and  diffu¬ 
sion  would  be  debated,  when  proposals  for  union 
efforts  with  other  missions,  for  the  transference  of 
authority  to  native  Christian  leaders,  for  altering 
the  conditions  of  Church  membership  and  other 
moot  problems  would  be  discussed.  If  any  foreign 
students  are  studying  in  the  seminary,  they  may 
be  invited  occasionally  to  speak  on  these  subjects. 
At  times  students  representing  missionaries  on  fur¬ 
lough  might  be  asked  to  address  the  Board.  A.  J. 
Brown’s  “The  Foreign  Missionary”  and  the  recent 
files  of  the  missionary  magazine  of  the  denomi¬ 
nation  will  help  greatly  in  the  preparation  for  these 
sessions. 

III.  Lecture  Courses.  This  agency  is  so  general 

and  so  well  understood  as  to  call  for  no  expla¬ 
nation.  Such  courses  are  now  being  delivered  on 
missionary  foundations  in  many  seminaries.  In 
others  they  can  be  provided  for  with  a  little  effort. 
The  co-operation  of  the  faculty  and  trustees  in  mak¬ 
ing  them  possible  can  in  most  cases  be  assumed. 


THE  THEOLOGICAL  SEMINARY  19 


Capable  lecturers  may  be  secured  from  the  ranks 
of  theological  and  other  professors,  missionary  pas¬ 
tors,  Mission  Board  Secretaries  and  missionaries  on 
furlough.  One  or  two  courses  of  six  to  ten 
lectures  each  year  are  better  than  unrelated  ad¬ 
dresses  which  lack  continuity  and  hence  fail  of  the 
largest  usefulness. 

One  seminary  sets  aside  an  hour  one  evening  each 
week  for  the  presentation  of  missionary  themes. 
These  addresses  are  given  by  members  of  the  faculty 
and  others  who  thus  are  able  to  make  a  personal 
appeal  to  the  students  which  is  impossible  in  the 
curriculum  courses. 

IV.  The  Organized  Reading  of  Missionary 
Books.  This  is  one  of  the  simplest  methods  to  put 
into  effect  and  is  highly  valuable.  Every  seminary 
student  does  a  certain  amount  of  side  reading  and 
would  probably  agree  that  he  should  cover  at  least 
one  missionary  volume  in  the  course  of  the  year. 
The  stock  of  really  good  missionary  literature  is 
being  enriched  annually  by  scores  of  new  books, 
strong,  informing,  inspiring,  well-written  volumes. 
The  problem  is  to  secure  a  selected  number  of  these 
books,  make  them  available  to  the  students,  give 
them  publicity  and  actually  get  them  read.  The  plan 
works  out  after  this  fashion:  The  Committee  makes 
a  selection  of,  say,  ten  new,  attractive  and  informing 
volumes.  If  they  are  not  already  in  the  library  it 
should  easily  be  possible  to  have  them  added.  Or 
certain  students  will  doubtless  be  ready  each  to 
purchase  one.  The  list  is  posted  or  is  read  to  the. 


20 


THE  MISSIONARY  LIFE  OF 


student  body,  with  a  descriptive  comment  on  each 
title.  Every  student  is  then  invited  to  read  one  of 
the  books  according  to  his  own  preference  and  a 
definite  period  is  set  during  which  that  volume  will 
be  assigned  to  him.  For  each  book  one  student  is 
made  responsible  and  he  is  to  see  that  it  moves  from 
one  person  to  another  according  to  the  schedule. 
The  value  of  this  method  is  increased  if  late  in  the 
seminary  year  a  Book  Review  meeting  is  held  at 
which  a  brief  interpretation  is  given  of  each  of  the 
ten  volumes  by  one  who  has  read  it. 

A  few  of  the  modern  missionary  books  which 
may  be  used  for  this  purpose  will  be  found  in  Ap¬ 
pendix  B.  Most  of  the  titles  suggested  in  Appendix 
A  for  study  by  World  Parish  Groups  belong  also 
in  this  list.  The  Educational  Secretary  of  the  Stu¬ 
dent  Volunteer  Movement  may  be  consulted  at  any 
time  for  definite  suggestions. 

V.  Supplementary  Methods  of  Developing  Mis¬ 
sionary  Intelligence. 

The  methods  already  referred  to  call  for  the  sys¬ 
tematic  and  consecutive  consideration  of  missionary 
questions.  They  should  be  supplemented,  however, 
by  other  methods  providing  for  a  consideration  of 
the  subject  which  is  less  intensive  but  which  in  each 
case  has  a  distinctive  value. 

1.  The  Missionary  Meeting.  The  place  of  this 
meeting  cannot  be  filled  by  any  other  agency.  It 
should  be  held  at  least  monthly,  its  programs  should 
be  widely  varied  and  it  should  prove  the  missionary 
rallying  centre  for  the  student  body.  The  most 


THE  THEOLOGICAL  SEMINARY  21 


thoughtful  care  should  be  given  to  the  preparation 
and  advertising  of  these  meetings,  which  ought  to 
earn  the  reputation  of  the  livest  and  most  profitable 
gatherings  in  the  seminary.  Many  suggestions  will 
be  found  in  the  pamphlet  “Missionary  Meetings/’ 
published  by  the  Student  Volunteer  Movement. 

2.  The  Reading-room  and  Library.  Every  theo¬ 
logical  seminary  has  on  the  shelves  of  its  library 
a  large  number  of  missionary  books.  Not  always, 
however,  is  this  department  of  the  library  kept  up 
to  date.  It  is  important  that  each  year  the  best  of 
the  new  missionary  books  should  be  added.  If  the 
missionary  committee  will  appropriately  petition  for 
the  purchase  of  these  books  and  certain  older  stand¬ 
ard  books  of  reference  which  are  not  in  the  library 
but  which  students  may  wish  to  consult  in  prepa¬ 
ration  for  such  investigations  and  discussions  as 
are  named  above,  it  is  more  than  likely  that  their 
request  will  be  granted.  Recently  one  seminary 
considered  favorably  a  petition  for  150  missionary 
books.  Due  publicity  should  be  given  to  the 
addition  of  new  missionary  books  to  the  library.  The 
whole  collection  of  missionary  books  is  in  some 
cases  consolidated  in  a  “missionary  alcove”  of  the 
library.  Where  they  are  distributed  in  various  sec¬ 
tions  a  catalogue  of  them  all  should  be  prepared  and 
kept  up  to  date  and  accessible. 

Also  on  the  reading  tables  of  every  theological 
seminary  certain  missionary  magazines  are  to  be 
found.  The  missionary  committee  may  profitably 
examine  what  is  available  and  if  necessary  take  steps 


22 


THE  MISSIONARY  LIFE  OF 


for  the  addition  of  any  others  that  are  of  special 
value.  A  minimum  list  of  missionary  periodicals 
which  should  be  taken  by  every  theological  semi¬ 
nary  would  include: 

The  missionary  magazines  of  the  Church  with 
which  the  seminary  is  connected  and  of  some  other 
denominations  as  well. 

The  International  Review  of  Missions. 

The  Missionary  Review  of  the  World. 

Men  and  Missions. 

World  Outlook. 

The  Student  World. 

Missionary  Ammunition. 

In  addition,  certain  periodicals  dealing  with  spe¬ 
cific  fields,  most  of  them  published  in  mission  lands, 
should  be  found  in  the  seminary  reading-room.  Some 
such  periodicals  are : 

The  Moslem  World.  Quarterly. 

The  Christian  Express  (Africa).  Monthly. 

The  Chinese  Recorder.  Monthly. 

The  Harvest  Field  (India).  Monthly. 

The  Indian  Witness.  Weekly. 

The  Japan  Evangelist.  Monthly. 

The  Korea  Magazine.  Monthly. 

To  this  list  might  be  added  some  valuable  non¬ 
missionary  publications,  such  as : 

Asia  (Journal  of  the  American  Asiatic  Associa¬ 
tion)  Monthly. 

The  Near  East.  Weekly. 

The  South  American.  Monthly. 


THE  THEOLOGICAL  SEMINARY  23 


3.  The  Bulletin  Board .  In  every  seminary  there 
should  be  a  missionary  bulletin  board  and  a  member 
of  the  missionary  committee  should  be  delegated  to 
be  its  custodian.  On  the  board  there  may  be  posted 
references  to  new  books  and  to  magazine  articles, 
clippings  from  newspapers,  letters  from  alumni  on 
the  mission  field,  good  photographs,  etc.  Only  fresh 
material  should  be  shown  and  nothing  should  be 
left  on  the  board  more  than  a  few  days.  The  effect 
will  be  all  the  greater  if  only  a  few  things  are  dis¬ 
played  at  a  time  and  if  the  material  is  artistically 
arranged  and  set  under  striking  captions. 

The  Bulletin  Board  furnishes  an  excellent  medium 
for  keeping  the  seminary  in  touch  with  its  alumni 
who  are  on  the  mission  field.  A  campaign  of  corre¬ 
spondence  should  be  kept  up  throughout  the  year 
with  these  men.  Many  of  their  replies,  even  though 
they  have  been  read  in  chapel  or  at  some  other 
gathering,  should  be  attached  to  the  Bulletin  Board 
for  a  limited  period  before  being  filed.  There  they 
can  be  seen  and  read  leisurely  by  all  who  care  to 
do  so.  For  this  purpose  a  number  of  brief,  crisp 
letters  would  be  more  useful  than  a  few  lengthy 
ones. 

In  the  grinding  stress  of  his  life  on  the  field  the 
missionary  should  not  be  expected  to  maintain  fully 
his  end  of  the  correspondence  with  a  number  of 
students.  But  let  it  never  be  supposed  that  the 
missionary  is  being  bored  by  letters  from  the  old 
seminary.  Far  from  it.  In  the  midst  of  his  busy 
life  as  a  missionary  John  Hyde  DeForest  wrote 


24 


THE  MISSIONARY  LIFE  OF 


many  a  letter  back  to  Yale  Seminary  in  response 
to  the  requests  of  the  students  for  information  re¬ 
garding  general  conditions  and  his  own  life  in 
Japan.  In  one  of  these  letters,  written  twelve  years 
after  he  had  left  home,  he  asks,  “Knowing  that  I 
am  a  Yale  man,  why  didn’t  you  follow  the  Golden 
Rule  and  fill  up  the  rest  of  that  small  sheet  of  paper 
with  some  of  the  gossip  of  the  seminary?”  Every 
man  among  these  theological  graduates  is  hungry 
for  such  news  and  for  the  assurance  that  a  new 
generation  of  students  back  in  the  old  chapel  and 
dormitories  and  class  rooms  is  following  his  work 
with  sympathetic  and  prayerful  interest.  But  how¬ 
ever  much  the  missionary  alumni  may  be  helped 
by  this  correspondence  the  advantage  to  the  semi¬ 
nary  is  far  greater. 

4.  Chapel  Service.  The  daily  chapel  service  of 
the  seminary  furnish  an  excellent  opportunity  for 
bringing  missionary  information  to  the  entire  stu¬ 
dent  body.  Most  seminaries  receive  visits  several 
times  a  year  from  Mission  Board  secretaries  and 
furloughed  missionaries  and  these  are  almost  in¬ 
variably  asked  to  speak  at  the  daily  chapel  service. 
The  missionary  committee  may  be  able  to  bring 
to  the  notice  of  the  chapel  committee  of  the  fac¬ 
ulty  the  names  of  other  missionary  speakers  of 
ability  who  may  be  in  the  vicinity.  At  other  services 
not  distinctly  missionary  it  is  appropriate  to  bring 
striking  items  of  missionary  information  to  the  at¬ 
tention  of  the  audience  or  to  read  letters  from 
alumni  who  are  serving  on  the  mission  field. 


THE  THEOLOGICAL  SEMINARY  25 


5.  Visits  from  Missionaries.  It  is  desirable  in 
every  seminary  to  plan  each  year  for  an  unhurried 
visit  from  at  least  one  missionary  of  the  Church 
who  is  home  on  furlough.  This  missionary  should 
be  easy  of  approach  and  should  represent  in  him¬ 
self  the  highest  standards  of  missionary  service,  even 
though  he  may  not  be  greatly  gifted  as  a  speaker. 
His  visit  should  be  long  enough  to  allow  each  stu¬ 
dent  to  have  one  or  more  extended  interviews  with 
him.  It  is  always  possible  to  ascertain  from  the 
offices  of  the  Mission  Board  what  missionaries  of 
this  type  are  available  for  such  visits. 

6.  A  Missionary  Day.  Those  seminaries  that 
set  apart  one  or  more  days  each  year  for  the  con¬ 
sideration  of  missionary  questions  are  enthusiastic 
as  to  the  value  of  the  custom.  For  example,  at 
McMaster  University,  Toronto,  on  one  day  each 
term  the  regular  work,  not  only  of  the  theological 
department  but  of  the  whole  university,  is  suspended 
and  students  and  professors  give  themselves  to  con¬ 
ference  and  prayer  in  the  interest  of  foreign  mis¬ 
sions.  One  entire  day  each  month  is  spent  at  the 
Southern  Baptist  Theological  Seminary,  Louisville, 
Kentucky,  in  a  similar  way,  under  the  auspices  of 
the  Society  for  Missionary  Inquiry.  At  the  Vander¬ 
bilt  School  of  Religion,  in  Nashville,  there  is  held 
annually  a  Missionary  Conference  covering  three 
days.  The  conference  is  attended  not  only  by  all 
the  students  and  professors  of  the  seminary  but  also 
by  a  large  number  of  graduates  who  eagerly  come 
in  from  their  pastorates  to  freshen  their  missionary 


26 


THE  MISSIONARY  LIFE  OF 


vision,  discuss  missionary  methods  for  their 
churches,  and  pray  together  for  the  foreign  mis¬ 
sionary  interests  of  their  communion.  This  method, 
with  suitable  modifications,  is  worthy  of  wide  adop¬ 
tion  among  the  theological  seminaries  of  Canada 
and  the  United  States. 

7.  A  Missionary  Room .  This  would  classify 
perhaps  as  a  piece  of  equipment  rather  than  as  a 
method.  But  it  has  distinct  educative  value.  In 
some  seminaries  a  room  is  set  apart  for  missionary 
meetings.  Perhaps  the  best  example  is  “Prayer 
Hall”  at  the  -Episcopal  Theological  Seminary  in 
Alexandria,  Virginia.  On  the  walls  of  this  room 
there  are  photographs  of  the  missionary  alumni 
of  the  seminary  and  also  a  map  of  the  world  show¬ 
ing  the  location  of  these  graduates  in  the  various 
mission  fields.  There  are  also  missionary  curios 
from  different  countries.  In  such  a  room  there 
could  be  kept  a  circulating  missionary  library,  a 
collection  of  the  best  missionary  pamphlets,  an  ex¬ 
hibit  of  the  Mission  Board  of  the  denomination  to 
which  the  seminary  belongs,  a  file  of  the  Board’s 
reports,  a  catalogue  of  the  missionary  books  in  the 
seminary  library,  maps  of  various  mission  fields,  and 
the  desks  of  the  chairman  of  the  missionary  com¬ 
mittee  of  the  student  organization  of  the  seminary, 
and  of  the  leader  of  the  Student  Volunteer  Band. 
This  room  could  be  used  for  united  intercession,  for 
World  Parish  Groups,  missionary  seminars,  mis¬ 
sionary  meetings  and  kindred  purposes  and  should 
be  the  headquarters  for  all  the  missionary  interests 


THE  THEOLOGICAL  SEMINARY  27 


of  the  seminary.  It  is  of  great  importance  that  this 
room  should  be  made  and  kept  thoroughly  attrac¬ 
tive;  otherwise  it  may  discount  rather  than  dignify 
the  missionary  enterprise. 

8.  Conference  and  Conventions.  Every  year 
theological  seminaries  are  invited  to  send  repre¬ 
sentatives  to  certain  missionary  conferences  and 
conventions  and  to  other  gatherings  in  which  mis¬ 
sions  hold  a  prominent  place.  Such  invitations 
ought  to  be  considered  carefully  and  delegates  should 
be  chosen  with  discrimination.  The  only  way  to 
protect  the  investment  of  time  and  money  involved 
is  to  send  the  right  men  and  to  follow  them  with 
prayer.  On  their  return  they  should  make  a 
thoughtfully  prepared  report  to  their  fellow- 
students.  If  it  is  worth  while  to  send  delegates 
to  any  such  gathering  it  is  worth  while  to  give  them 
a  full  hearing  after  they  come  back.  The  report 
should  always  be  followed  by  a  practical  discussion 
as  to  how  the  message  of  the  conference  may  be 
incorporated  in  the  life  of  the  seminary. 


PROMOTING  MISSIONARY  LIBERALITY 

There  is  a  rich  value  in  an  adequate  campaign  of 
missionary  giving  among  the  students  of  a  seminary 
far  beyond  the  results  which  their  contributions 
make  possible  on  the  mission  field.  Let  it  be  said 
first  that  the  financial  undertaking  should  be  on  a 
scale  to  demand  genuine  sacrifice.  Some  theolog- 


28 


THE  MISSIONARY  LIFE  OF 


ical  seminaries  are  in  the  front  rank  of  educational 
institutions  in  the  matter  of  missionary  liberality, 
the  gifts  in  certain  cases  going  beyond  ten  dollars 
per  student  in  the  seminary.  The  spiritual  reac¬ 
tions  on  individual  students  and  on  the  entire  semi¬ 
nary  of  such  a  program  of  giving  are  readily  under¬ 
stood.  It  serves,  too,  to  establish  in  the  students’ 
lives  habits  of  generous  giving,  which  are  formed 
more  easily  in  student  days  than  later  and  estab¬ 
lishes  the  circumference  of  their  sacrificial  interest 
where  it  ought  to  lie,  out  beyond  the  farthest  needs 
of  humanity. 

Nor  should  it  be  forgotten  that  standards  can  be 
set  here  for  the  missionary  giving  programs  of  con¬ 
gregations.  The  missionary  finance  campaign  in 
the  seminary  should  serve  as  a  model  which  each 
student  can  keep  before  him  later  when  as  a  mis¬ 
sionary  pastor  he  leads  his  congregation  in  its  sim¬ 
ilar  undertakings.  This  will  set  the  giving  program 
of  the  seminary  on  a  high  plane  and  will  call  for 
very  thorough  work.  The  most  approved  methods 
of  such  propaganda  in  congregations  should  be  care¬ 
fully  considered  and  so  far  as  is  possible  adopted 
for  the  seminary.  An  every  member  canvass  will 
be  in  order.  The  most  effective  publicity  methods 
will  have  to  be  adopted.  The  principles  of  pro¬ 
portionate  and  systematic  beneficence  will  have  to 
be  proclaimed.  The  most  suitable  plans  of  payment 
will  have  to  be  determined. 

The  money  raised  should,  of  course,  be  devoted 
to  the  missionary  work  of  the  seminary’s  denom- 


THE  THEOLOGICAL  SEMINARY  29 


ination.  It  is  usually  found  a  great  advantage  if 
the  gifts  of  the  seminary  are  directed  to  the  work 
of  a  definite  mission  station  and  accompanied  by 
specific  and  intelligent  intercession.  Letters  and 
photographs  from  the  station  will  do  much  to  de¬ 
velop  interest  and  liberality  from  year  to  year. 

The  missionary  giving  campaign  of  the  seminary 
may  be  made  the  occasion  to  quicken  among  the 
students  of  the  seminary  a  just  and  truly  Christian 
sense  of  stewardship.  We  quickly  recognize  in 
stewardshp  one  of  the  fundamental  issues  not  only 
of  church  life  and  activity  but  of  individual  Christ- 
like  development.  It  would  be  well  worth  while 
to  have  this  subject  discussed  at  several  consecu¬ 
tive  meetings  of  the  whole  student  body,  possibly 
as  part  of  the  regular  schedule  of  meetings  of  the 
Young  Men’s  Christian  Association,  the  Missionary 
Society  or  some  other  organization.  Or  there  might 
be  called  together  into  a  special  group  for  the  con¬ 
sideration  of  this  theme  any  students  who  desired 
to  make  a  thorough  examination  of  the  question  of 
stewardship.  In  either  case,  some  of  the  best  liter¬ 
ature  on  the  subject  should  be  secured  and  studied. 
In  this  list  primacy  would  be  given,  of  course,  to  the 
Bible  itself,  the  efifort  being  to  discover  by  inde¬ 
pendent  investigation  the  truly  Scriptural  ideals  of 
stewardship.  The  literature  published  by  the  Lay¬ 
men’s  Missionary  Movement  contains  helpful  sug¬ 
gestions.  Some  of  the  best  available  pamphlets  on 
the  subject  are  “Money:  Its  Nature  and  Power,”  by 
A.  F.  Schauffler;  “Stewardship,”  by  Sherwood 


30 


THE  MISSIONARY  LIFE  OF 


Eddy;  “New  Testament  Conception  of  the  Disciple 
and  His  Money/’  by  E.  I.  Bosworth ;  “The  Elements 
of  Stewardship,”  by  H.  R.  Calkins,  “Proportionate 
Giving,”  by  Robert  E.  Speer;  “The  Basis  of  Stew¬ 
ardship,”  by  G.  S.  Pentecost;  “Stewardship  of  Life,” 
by  J.  N.  Shenstone  and  J.  Campbell  White,  and 
“Christian  Stewardship,”  by  a  commission  of  lay¬ 
men. 


STIMULATING  MISSIONARY  INTERCESSION 

Without  superhuman  leverage  the  missionary 
load  will  never  be  lifted.  The  only  suggestion  that 
Jesus  had  to  make  as  to  missionary  method  directed 
attention  to  it.  “Pray  ye,  therefore,  the  Lord  of 
the  harvest.”  It  is  a  tragic  error  to  multiply  con¬ 
ferences  and  committees  and  movements  and  cam¬ 
paigns  and  neglect  intercession.  Think  over  the 
methods  that  have  been  discussed  in  the  preceding 
pages.  How  far  could  they  be  effective  apart  from 
prayer?  Missionary  intelligence  that  does  not  lead 
to  prayer  will  be  worth  little ;  indeed  unless  it  is 
laid  under  tribute  to  the  prayer  life  all  one’s  added 
knowledge  will  prove  a  peril.  Missionary  liberality 
will  neither  go  far  nor  last  long  nor  accomplish 
much  unless  it  is  coupled  with  missionary  prayer. 
Organization  will  languish  and  grow  bankrupt  un¬ 
less  dynamized  by  prayer. 

Every  theological  seminary  of  the  Christian 
Church  should  be  a  radiating  centre  of  the  energies 


THE  THEOLOGICAL  SEMINARY  31 


of  God  for  world  redemption.  In  this  it  should  set 
standards  for  all  the  congregations  of  the  Church 
and  train  leaders  for  the  evangelization  of  the  na¬ 
tions  who  will  be  champions  in  prayer.  It  should 
be  foremost  in  accepting  the  invitation,  ‘'Concerning 
the  work  of  my  hands,  command  ye  Me.” 

Dr.  John  R.  Mott  recently  uttered  solemn  and 
inspiring  words  when  he  said :  “The  living  God  is 
the  source  of  triumphant  spiritual  love  and  energy. 
History  and  experience  show  that  He  manifests 
Himself  with  loving  power  in  answer  to  the  prayers 
of  His  children  who  call  upon  Him  with  pure  hearts 

and  in  a  spirit  of  faith  and  true  humility . 

It  is  indeed  true  that  ‘He  that  saveth  his  time  from 
prayer  shall  lose  it.  And  he  that  loseth  his  time  for 
communion  with  God  shall  find  it  again  in  added 
blessing  and  power  and  fruitfulness.’  ” 

How  is  missionary  prayer  to  be  promoted  in  a 
seminary?  It  may  be  said  that  prayer  shrinks  from 
the  touch  of  organization  and  mechanics.  But  it  may 
be  methodical  and  systematized  without  becoming 
mechanical.  And  just  because  it  is  so  fundamental 
and  so  tremendously  effective  an  agency  Christians 
should  plan  aggressively  for  its  promotion. 

I.  Many  ways  for  promoting  united  prayer  for 
missions  readily  suggest  themselves.  There  is  a  large 
opportunity  for  missionary  intercession  in  the  daily 
chapel  services.  While  petitions  with  reference  to 
the  wider  reaches  of  the  Church’s  work  are  proba¬ 
bly  included  in  all  of  these  services,  it  is  possible 
to  make  this  feature  more  prominent  and  effective, 


32 


THE  MISSIONARY  LIFE  OF 


both  by  special  periods  of  missionary  intercession 
and  by  the  announcing  of  special  subjects  for  prayer 
which  have  to  do  with  the  pressing  missionary  prob¬ 
lems  of  the  Church  and  with  the  seminary’s  partici¬ 
pation  therein.  Such  definite  suggestions  would 
doubtless  be  welcomed  by  the  seminary’s  committee 
on  chapel  services.  A  similar  opportunity  is  afforded 
in  groups  for  study  and  discussion,  Young  Men’s 
Christian  Association  meetings  and  other  gather¬ 
ings  of  students. 

Special  services  expressly  for  missionary  inter¬ 
cession  may  be  held  weekly  or  even  daily.  At 
Princeton  Theological  Seminary  a  few  years  ago 
the  plan  was  begun  of  writing  during  the  summer 
to  a  number  of  alumni  in  various  mission  fields 
asking  them  to  tell  of  some  of  their  problems  and 
requirements.  Every  Sunday  morning  during  the 
following  seminary  year  the  students  would  hold 
a  meeting  for  prayer  at  which  the  reply  from  one 
of  the  missionaries  would  be  read  and  thanksgiving 
and  intercession  offered  in  the  light  of  the  condi¬ 
tions  described  in  his  letter.  Besides  the  usual  morn¬ 
ing  chapel  held  each  day  at  the  Rochester  Theo¬ 
logical  Seminary,  there  is  a  special  prayer  service 
once  a  week  expressly  for  missionary  intercession. 
These  noon  meetings  are  vigorous  and  vital  in  the 
life  of  worship  in  that  institution  and  might  prove 
to  be  equally  so  in  other  divinity  schools. 

It  will  be  found  helpful  to  indicate  on  the  Bul¬ 
letin  Board  the  name  of  one  missionary  alumnus  of 


THE  THEOLOGICAL  SEMINARY  33 

the  seminary  as  a  special  subject  of  prayer  for  the 
day.  The  name  may  be  changed  daily. 

Many  seminaries  observe  a  Day  of  Prayer  for 
Missions.  Students  and  professors  should  co¬ 
operate  in  making  detailed  preparations  for  this  and 
if  possible  some  foreign  missionary  or  a  Secretary 
of  the  Mission  Board  of  the  denomination  con¬ 
cerned  should  be  in  the  seminary  for  that  day.  The 
Day  of  Prayer  for  Students,  the  scope  of  which  is 
world  wide,  should  be  observed  faithfully  in  every 
seminary.  Suggestions  for  this  may  be  had  from 
the  Student  Department,  International  Committee, 
Y.  M.  C.  A.,  124  East  28th  Street,  New  York  City. 

There  are  limitless  possibilities  in  small  prayer 
circles.  No  amount  of  public  intercession  can  take 
the  place  of  the  little  informal  groups  which  meet, 
usually  in  a  student’s  room,  for  prayer  for  the 
world’s  evangelization.  The  Haystack  group  at 
Williams  College  in  1806  changed  the  channels  of 
the  history  of  the  Protestant  Church  in  North 
America  and  is  bringing  light  and  healing  to  the 
needy  nations  of  the  world  today.  Many  another 
group  less  famous  than  that  has  influenced  pro¬ 
foundly  the  missionary  undertaking  of  the  Church. 
In  this  very  year  just  such  small  groups  of  earnest 
seminary  men  who  are  carrying  in  their  hearts  the 
wishes  of  Christ  and  the  needs  of  the  world  may 
set  mighty  forces  in  motion  that  eternity  will  not 
measure. 

II.  Let  the  volume  of  social  prayer  for  missions 
be  what  it  may,  the  ultimate  value  of  missionary  in- 


34 


THE  MISSIONARY  LIFE  OF 


tercession  lies  in  the  prayer  life  of  the  individual. 
Each  student  must  enter  into  his  own  inheritance 
of  obligation  and  privilege  and  cower  bv  becoming 
an  effective  prayer  agent.  The  importance  of  this 
should  be  brought  home  convincingly  to  every  man 
in  the  seminary.  He  should  be  helped  to  recognize 
that  in  his  own  life  of  intercession  he  holds  the  key 
to  a  vast  world  problem.  It  is  desirable  that  some 
of  the  best  literature  on  the  subject  be  circulated 
among  the  students  each  year.  The  following  are 
a  few  messages  that  are  thoughtful  and  persuasive : 

The  Morning  Watch — Mott. 

Secret  Prayer  a  Great  Reality — W right. 

Prayer  for  Missions — Warneck. 

Intercessors;  The  Primary  Need — Mott. 

Intercessory  Foreign  Missionaries — Street. 

Prayer  and  Missions — Speer. 

Consecration — Mott. 

Spiritual  Prerequisites — Fraser. 

The  Secret  Prayer  Life — Mott. 

The  Discipline  of  Prayer. 

The  Possibility  of  Prayer — Oldham. 

How  Make  Jesus  Christ  Real — Mott. 

With  Christ  in  the  School  of  Prayer — Murray. 

The  Meaning  of  Prayer — Fosdick. 

With  God  in  Prayer — Brent. 

Prayer:  Its  Nature  and  Scope — Trumbull. 

The  Communion  of  Prayer — Carpenter. 

A  Chain  of  Prayer  Across  the  Ages — Fox. 


THE  THEOLOGICAL  SEMINARY  35 


Many  find  it  useful,  in  order  to  make  their  prayer 
more  systematic  and  definite,  to  follow  some  regular 
program  week  by  week  or  day  by  day.  Several  of 
the  Mission  Boards  have  put  out  Cycles  of  Prayer 
for  the  work  and  workers  in  their  own  fields.  A 
more  general  one,  the  Cycle  of  Prayer,  published  by 
the  Student  Volunteer  Movement,  is  being  widely 
followed  by  a  host  of  students,  pastors,  missionaries 
and  others  in  all  parts  of  the  world.  One  seminary 
recently  prepared  a  Cycle  of  Prayer  for  missionary 
alumni  with  a  view  to  its  use  not  only  in  the  daily 
chapel  services  but  in  the  personal  devotions  of  the 
students,  professors  and  graduates  of  the  seminary. 
A  prayer  document  is  issued  from  time  to  time  by 
the  Continuation  Committee  of  the  Edinburgh  Con¬ 
ference,  1  Charlotte  Square,  Edinburgh,  which  con¬ 
tains  timely  suggestions  for  missionary  interces¬ 
sion. 

In  directing  missionary  petitions  to  specific  ob¬ 
jects  helpful  use  may  be  made  of  the  requests  for 
prayer  that  occasionally  come  from  the  Mission 
Board  rooms  and  of  the  Bulletin  of  the  Student 
Volunteer  Movement. 

PROPAGATING  MISSIONARY  INTEREST 

Enthusiasm  is  contagious  and  missionary  interest 
is  as  contagious  as  any  other.  It  should  be  the  aim 
of  theological  students  not  only  to  become  well  fur¬ 
nished  to  create  and  deepen  a  missionary  spirit  in 
the  congregations  of  which  later  they  will  be  the  pas- 


36 


THE  MISSIONARY  LIFE  OF 


tors,  but  during  their  seminary  days  to  quicken  the 
missionary  life  of  as  many  churches  as  they  can 
reach.  Their  world  vision,  their  knowledge  of  world 
conditions  and  their  zeal  for  world  evangelization 
are  talents  for  immediate  investment. 

The  churches  of  the  community  in  which  the  sem¬ 
inary  is  located,  even  those  belonging  to  other  de¬ 
nominations,  furnish  a  field  for  the  missionary 
energies  of  seminary  men.  Presumably  every  theo¬ 
logical  student  is  participating  actively  in  the  life  and 
work  of  some  congregation  in  the  community  where 
the  seminary  is  located  and  naturally  his  missionary 
efforts  will  be  directed  primarily  to  the  requirements 
of  that  congregation.  But  some  students  will  find  it 
possible  to  assist  in  stimulating  the  missionary  spirit 
of  other  churches  as  well.  The  pastors  of  neigh¬ 
boring  churches  should  be  informed  that  certain 
students  are  ready  to  give  help,  so  far  as  time  will 
permit,  in  the  missionary  activities  of  these  congre¬ 
gations.  At  times  they  may  be  asked  to  give  mis¬ 
sionary  addresses  and  sermons  and  for  these  the 
note  books  they  have  used  in  their  study  and  dis¬ 
cussion  groups,  in  their  reading  of  missionary  books 
and  in  their  class-room  work  will  be  found  im¬ 
mensely  useful.  They  can  also  give  brief  talks  in 
Sunday  Schools,  suggest  missionary  programs,  start 
mission  study  classes  and  take  the  leadership  of 
some  of  these,  or  it  may  be  train  a  normal  class  of 
mission  study  leaders.  They  can  help  to  organize 
missionary  giving  campaigns  in  Young  People’s 
Societies,  establish  or  enrich  collections  of  mission- 


THE  THEOLOGICAL  SEMINARY  37 


ary  books  and  in  many  other  ways  strengthen  the 
hands  of  the  pastors.  To  be  of  the  greatest  service, 
however,  they  should  acquaint  themselves  with  the 
literature  of  their  Boards  dealing  with  the  mis¬ 
sionary  cultivation  of  churches.  Similar  service  can 
be  rendered  in  the  home  churches  of  the  students 
and  more  influentially  still  in  the  parishes  in  which 
they  preach  during  their  seminary  course.  Another 
field  which  should  not  be  overlooked  is  to  be  found 
in  neighboring  schools,  and  in  some  cases  even  col¬ 
leges,  in  which  the  missionary  interest  is  at  a  low 
ebb. 

By  way  of  preparation  to  render  most  effectively 
a  specific  piece  of  service  in  nearby  churches  or 
schools,  one  of  the  Mission  Study  groups  should 
study  the  foreign  missionary  text-book  that  is  being 
generally  used  in  that  year.  This  would  be  some¬ 
what  of  the  nature  of  a  normal  class.  It  should 
make  continuous  use  of  the  special  “Suggestions  to 
Leaders”  on  the  text-book  and  of  the  pamphlets 
by  Dr.  Sailer  and  Dorothea  Day  referred  to  on  page 
14. 

It  will  repay  seminary  men  to  invest  time  and 
energy  in  these  outreaching  ways  of  service,  even  if 
real  sacrifice  is  involved.  This  is  true  not  so  much 
because  it  will  all  come  back  with  interest  com¬ 
pounded  to  the  men  who  are  to  be  pastors  in  the 
homeland  as  because  the  investment  will  bring  large 
results  in  the  expansion  of  the  Kingdom  of  God.  It 
has  been  true  of  many  a  seminary  man  that  the  ser¬ 
vice  he  rendered  in  these  ways  has  brought  a  great- 


38 


THE  MISSIONARY  LIFE  OF 


er  missionary  fruitage  than  anything  he  was  able  to 
do  in  later  years.  As  the  fires  of  enthusiasm  glow 
in  the  lives  of  theological  students,  opportunities 
should  be  sought  and  seized  to  start  other  fires  near 
and  far. 


ENLISTING  MISSIONARY  LIVES 

If  the  four  main  lines  of  effort  already  described 
in  this  pamphlet  are  faithfully  carried  on  in  a  sem¬ 
inary  they  can  hardly  fail  to  eventuate  in  the  volun¬ 
teering  of  some  students  for  the  overseas  service  of 
the  Church.  This  is  the  crowning  result  of  a  Mis¬ 
sionary  Committee’s  work. 

Students  who  decide  to  invest  their  lives  in  for¬ 
eign  missionary  service  should  be  encouraged  to 
sign  the  Declaration  Card  of  the  Student  Volunteer 
Movement,  which  reads  “It  is  my  purpose,  if  God 
permit,  to  become  a  foreign  missionary,”  and  to 
enter  the  membership  of  the  Movement. 

The  Missionary  Committee  should  keep  in  mind 
two  facts  with  reference  to  the  securing  of  prospec¬ 
tive  missionaries  from  the  ranks  of  seminary  stu¬ 
dents.  One  is  that  the  call  for  missionary  candidates 
is  larger  today  that  at  any  previous  time  in  the 
Church’s  history.  The  other  is  that  a  large  propor¬ 
tion  of  the  men  who  go  out  must  be  men  of  theo¬ 
logical  training.  This  gives  a  high  honor  to  the 
seminaries,  but  it  also  gives  them  a  most  solemn 


THE  THEOLOGICAL  SEMINARY  39 


responsibility.  Part  of  this  responsibility  lies  in  the 
fact  that  the  ideals  and  message  which  these  men 
are  to  carry  to  the  non-Christian  world,  to  be  multi¬ 
plied  there  in  a  native  ministry,  are  fashioned  within 
the  nurture  of  the  home  schools  of  divinity.  And 
part  lies  in  the  obligation  to  so  help  students  to 
consider  the  entire  world  field  that  those  who  are 
called  of  God  to  serve  in  the  regions  beyond  shall 
recognize  their  call.  Every  student  who  enters  the 
seminary  without  a  clear  summons  from  God  to  stay 
at  home  is  ready  presumably  to  give  open-minded 
consideration  to  the  comparative  claims  on  him  of 
the  home  field  and  of  the  field  abroad  with  a  view 
to  choosing  the  place  of  his  ministry.  It  is  doubt¬ 
less  true,  however,  that  some  theological  students, 
convinced  of  having  a  call  to  the  Christian  ministry, 
have  visualized  it  in  terms  of  a  parish  at  home  and 
have  interpreted  their  original  thinking  of  it  as  a 
divine  summons  to  a  parish  at  home. 

No  one  Christian  can  ever  determine  the  duty 
of  another  Christian.  Nothing  is  farther  from  the 
function  of  the  Missionary  Committee  than  the 
calling  out  of  this  man  and  that  to  be  foreign  mis¬ 
sionaries.  It  can  help,  however,  in  bringing  to  the 
attention  of  the  students  the  claims  of  the  mission 
world.  In  promoting  all  of  the  activities  mentioned 
in  the  foregoing  pages  the  members  of  the  commit¬ 
tee  should  have  in  mind  the  possible  recruiting  of 
missionaries.  They  can  also  facilitate  interviews 
between  the  students  of  the  seminary  and  visiting 
missionaries  and  Mission  Board  secretaries.  They 


40 


THE  MISSIONARY  LIFE  OF 


can  bring  prominently  before  the  students  the  calls 
for  workers  of  the  Mission  Boards  contained  in  the 
Bulletin  of  the  Student  Volunteer  Movement  and 
correspond  with  the  Candidate  Secretary  of  the 
Movement  with  reference  to  the  filling  of  some  of 
these  positions  by  students  or  recent  graduates  of 
the  seminary.  They  can  be  in  frequent  communi¬ 
cation  with  the  Candidate  Secretary  of  their  own 
Board  in  regard  to  its  specific  demands,  as  they 
arise,  for  ordained  missionaries,  laying  these  de¬ 
mands  before  the  entire  seminary  and  in  particular 
before  individual  students  who  might  qualify  for 
such  service.  They  can  circulate  some  pamphlets 
which  have  helped  many  students  to  recognize  the 
meaning  of  a  call  to  missionary  service  and  the 
claims  of  the  service  upon  them,  particularly  Eddy’s 
“The  Supreme  Decision  of  the  Christian  Student”; 
Speer’s  “What  Constitutes  a  Missionary  Call,”  and 
Turner’s  “What  is  Involved  in  Signing  the  Declara¬ 
tion  of  the  Student  Volunteer  Movement.”  They  can 
also  in  a  spirit  of  humility  remind  their  fellow  stu¬ 
dents  in  personal  conversation  of  the  vast  oppor¬ 
tunities  and  urgent  requirements  of  mission  lands 
in  respect  of  Christian  ministers,  and,  if  they  are 
themselves  looking  forward  to  a  missionary  career, 
can  tell  how  they  came  to  form  this  life  purpose. 
And  they  can  avail  themselves  none  too  greatly  of 
the  supreme  missionary  method,  praying  the  Lord 
of  the  harvest  that  from  their  seminary  He  will 
thrust  forth  laborers  into  His  harvest. 


APPENDIX  A. 

Suggested  Textbooks  for  World  Parish  Groups. 

Barton — Educational  Missions.  50  cents;  75  cents. 

Beach — Renaissant  Latin  America  (an  interpretation  of 
the  Congress  on  Christian  Work  in  Latin  America  held 
at  Panama  in  February,  1916).  $1.00. 

Brown — Rising  Churches  in  Non-Christian  Lands.  40 
cents;  60  cents. 

Capen — Sociological  Progress  in  Mission  Lands.  $1.50. 

Farquhar — A  Primer  of  Hinduism.  75  cents. 

Faunce — Social  Aspects  of  Foreign  Missions.  40  cents; 
60  cents. 

Findings  of  the  Continuation  Committee  Conferences  in 
Asia,  1912-13.  $1.75. 

Mott — The  Present  World  Situation.  50  cents;  $1.00. 

Mott — The  Pastor  and  Modern  Missions.  50  cents;  $1.00. 

Murray — The  Apologetic  of  Modern  Missions.  25  cents. 

Robinson — History  of  Christian  Missions.  $2.75. 

Saunders — The  Story  of  Buddhism.  $1.10. 

Speer — The  Light  of  the  World.  35  cents;  55  cents. 

Speer — South  American  Problems.  50  cents;  75  cents. 

Zwemer — The  Unoccupied  Mission  Fields  of  Africa  and 
Asia.  50  cents;  $1.00. 

Zwemer — Islam:  A  Challenge  to  Faith.  40  cents;  60  cents. 

To  this  list  should  be  added  books  published  by  various 
Mission  Boards  dealing  with  the  missionary  work  of  their 
denominations.  Each  year  the  addition  of  new  books 
to  the  list  will  be  necessary,  as  well  as  the  elimination  of 
any  that  have  been  superseded  or  have  become  out  of  date. 


APPENDIX  B. 


Suggested  Books  for  an  Organized  Program  of  Reading. 
Bashford — China:  An  Interpretation.  $2.50. 

Brown — Unity  and  Missions.  $1.50. 

Clough — Social  Christianity  in  the  Orient.  $1.50. 

Davis — Davis,  Soldier  Missionary.  $1.50 
Farquhar — Modern  Religious  Movements  in  India.  $2.50. 
Fleming — Devolution  in  Missionary  Administration.  $1.50. 
Fraser — Among  India’s  Rajahs  and  Ryots.  $4.00. 

Horne — David  Livingstone.  50  cents. 

Lambuth — Winning  the  World  for  Christ.  $1.25. 
Livingstone — Mary  Slessor  of  Calabar.  $1.50. 

Mackenzie — Black  Sheep.  $1.50. 

Nitobe — The  Japanese  Nation.  $1.50. 

Pennell — Among  the  Wild  Tribes  of  the  Afghan  Frontier. 
$3.50. 

Speer — Some  Great  Leaders  in  the  World  Movement.  $1.25. 

Ussher  and  Knapp — An  American  Physician  in  Turkey. 
$1.75. 

Wilson — Modern  Movements  Among  Moslems.  $1.50. 

This  list,  like  that  given  in  Appendix  A,  will  need 
amending  from  year  to  year. 


APPENDIX  C. 


Material  Mentioned  in  this  Pamphlet, 

Other  than  Lists  in  Appendixes  A  and  B. 

Bos  worth — New  Testament  Conception  of  the  Disciple 
and  His  Money.  5  cents. 

Brent — With  God  in  Prayer.  50  cents. 

Brown — The  Foreign  Missionary.  68  cents. 

Calkins — The  Elements  of  Stewardship.  3  cents. 
Carpenter — The  Communion  of  Prayer.  $1.00. 

Christian  Stewardship.  5  cents. 

Cycle  of  Prayer  of  the  Student  Volunteer  Movement. 
5  cents. 

Day — Mission  Study  Class  Method.  5  cents. 

Eddy — Stewardship.  5  cents. 

Eddy — The  Supreme  Decision  of  the  Christian  Student. 
5  cents. 

Fosdick — The  Meaning  of  Prayer.  50  cents. 

Fox — A  Chain  of  Prayer  Across  the  Ages.  $2.00 
Fraser — Spiritual  Prerequisites.  5  cents. 

Manley — Missionary  Study  Principles.  50  cents. 

Mott — How  Make  Jesus  Christ  Real.  5  cents. 

Mott — Consecration,  5  cents. 

Mott — Intercessors :  The  Primary  Need.  10  cents. 

Mott — The  Morning  Watch.  5  cents. 

Mott — The  Secret  Prayer  Life.  5  cents. 

Murray — Missionary  Meetings.  5  cents. 

Murray — With  Christ  in  the  School  of  Prayer.  35  cents. 
Oldham — The  Possibility  of  Prayer.  25  cents. 

Pentecost — The  Basis  of  Stewardship.  3  cents. 

Sailer — General  Suggestions  for  Leaders  of  Mission  Study 
Classes.  5  cents. 

Schauffler — Money:  Its  Nature  and  Power.  5  cents. 
Shenstone  and  White — Stewardship  of  Life.  5  cents. 


Speer — Prayer  and  Missions.  5  cents. 

Speer — Proportionate  Giving.  3  cents. 

Speer — What  Constitutes  a  Missionary  Call.  5  cents. 
Street — Intercessory  Foreign  Missionaries.  3  cents. 

The  Discipline  of  Prayer.  30  cents. 

Turner — What  is  Involved  in  Signing  the  Declaration  of 
the  Student  Volunteer  Movement.  5  cents. 

Trumbull — Prayer:  Its  Nature  and  Scope.  50  cents. 
Warneck — Prayer  for  Missions.  5  cents. 

Wright — Secret  Prayer  a  Great  Reality.  5  cents. 

Periodicals 

,Asia  (Journal  of  the  American  Asiatic  Association) — 
Monthly.  $2.00. 

Men  and  Missions — Monthly.  50  cents. 

Missionary  Ammunition — Quarterly.  10  cents  per  copy. 
The  Chinese  Recorder — Monthly.  $2.00  (Gold).- 
The  Christian  Express — Monthly.  5s. 

The  Harvest  Field — Monthly.  $1.00. 

The  Indian  Witness — Weekly.  $2.00. 

The  International  Review  of  Missions — Quarterly.  $2.00. 
The  Japan  Evangelist — Monthly.  $2.00  (Gold). 

The  Korea  Magazine — Monthly.  $2.00  (Gold). 

The  Missionary  Review  of  the  World — Monthly.  $2.50. 
The  Moslem  World — Quarterly.  $1.25. 

The  Near  East — Weekly.  £1. 

The  South  American — Monthly.  $1.00. 

The  Student  World — Quarterly.  25  cents  per  year. 

World  Outlook — Monthly.  $1.50. 

The  Foreign  Missionary  Magazine  of  one’s  own  Board. 


Any  of  the  literature  named  in  this  pamphlet  may 
be  ordered  through  the  Student  Volunteer  Movement, 
25  Madison  Avenue,  New  York  City. 


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